• UARTS / Connecting via WiModem232

    From hyjinx@21:1/172 to All on Friday, January 01, 2021 04:28:46
    Hi y'all, Does anyone here have any knowledge of the RS232/UART? Specifically
    I have a WiModem232 on my PC/XT (which has a 286 chip at 6MHz). I thought
    that the UART was a 16550A/AF but the more I think of it, it's probably an 8250A or maybe a 16450.
    Is there a reliable way of finding out exactly which UART one has in MS-DOS? Next, if the system is an 8250A, what is the reliable baud rate of that controller? I am finding weirdness at even 9600. More reliable at 2400bps,
    but that's unusable for any real BBS'ing!
    Of course, this might be the fault of the WiModem232, but I note on LGR's
    video of the same, he was connected to the Black Flag at 2400bps and he was getting some raised eyebrows for that!

    Just in case you are wondering what the complete picture here is, I'm trying
    to show how to connect to BBS's using real terminal software such as Telix or Terminate on real hardware. The WiModem232 is as close as you'll get to the real thing, but at rates of 2400bps, I don't think that'll look great on the BBS documentary!

    PS: Part two of the doco is actively in the works and will be released _real soon now_ :), this demo is for part two.

    Cheers,
    hyjinx // youtube.com/alsgeeklab

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    * Origin: The Bottomless Abyss BBS * bbs.bottomlessabyss.net (21:1/172)
  • From Al@21:4/106.1 to hyjinx on Friday, January 01, 2021 02:41:07
    Re: UARTS / Connecting via WiModem232
    By: hyjinx to All on Fri Jan 01 2021 04:28 am

    Hi y'all, Does anyone here have any knowledge of the RS232/UART? Specifically I have a WiModem232 on my PC/XT (which has a 286 chip at 6MHz). I thought that the UART was a 16550A/AF but the more I think of it, it's probably an 8250A or maybe a 16450.

    I haven't played with anything like the UART 8250, 16460 or 16550A in so long I forget now, what that was all about.

    I wonder if you need a fossil with what you are doing? I remember back then, I'd lock the fossil at 38400 and that seemed to work most of the time, but if that is a 8250 you might be better around 2400 or 9600.

    Sounds like fun.. wish I could help..

    Ttyl :-),
    Al

    ... Don't Panic! It's only ones and zeros.
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    * Origin: The Rusty MailBox - Penticton, BC Canada (21:4/106.1)
  • From Avon@21:1/101 to Al on Saturday, January 02, 2021 00:36:50
    On 01 Jan 2021 at 02:41a, Al pondered and said...

    I haven't played with anything like the UART 8250, 16460 or 16550A in so long I forget now, what that was all about.

    I wonder if you need a fossil with what you are doing? I remember back then, I'd lock the fossil at 38400 and that seemed to work most of the

    golly thats a term i have not heard in a while nor needed to use... bless.. fossil drivers... yep recall them with a sense of satisfaction of having configured the sucker to work with the modem and the pc ;-)

    Using BNU and its supporting documentation may well help perhaps?

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  • From Al@21:4/106.1 to Avon on Friday, January 01, 2021 04:54:14
    Re: Re: UARTS / Connecting via WiModem232
    By: Avon to Al on Sat Jan 02 2021 12:36 am

    golly thats a term i have not heard in a while nor needed to use... bless.. fossil drivers... yep recall them with a sense of satisfaction of having configured the sucker to work with the modem and the pc ;-)

    Wonderfully compact and complex bits of software. Talking about the UART made me think of that for some reason. I had another video fossil that made the colours come alive in my BinkleyTerm, a different thing though.. from another time and place..

    Using BNU and its supporting documentation may well help perhaps?

    I always loaded x00 in my config.sys so it was always up and running for any software that wanted it, but they were both good workable solutions.

    Ttyl :-),
    Al

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  • From acn@21:3/127.1 to hyjinx on Friday, January 01, 2021 14:53:00
    Am 01.01.21 schrieb hyjinx@21:1/172 in FSX_GEN:

    Hallo hyjinx,

    Is there a reliable way of finding out exactly which UART one has in
    MS-DOS? Next, if the system is an 8250A, what is the reliable baud rate of that controller? I am finding weirdness at even 9600. More reliable at 2400bps, but that's unusable for any real BBS'ing!

    I can't help you at your specific question on how to find out your UART
    chip, but maybe this helps you:
    Does your WiModem feature RTS/CTS lines and did you enable RTS/CTS handshaking in your terminal program?

    I'm using an ESP8266 based WiFi modem on my Z80 CP/M machines and using RTS/CTS, I can max out the throughput to what the CPU can handle :)

    Then, as you are using a PC: Does the serial port you are using have its
    own IRQ? COM1 usually uses IRQ 4 and COM2 IRQ 3, and normally no other devices use these IRQs (except maybe COM3 and COM4) and as long as these devices are inactive this should be no problem, but that was aonther
    problem back in the days.

    Regards,
    Anna

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  • From NuSkooler@21:1/121 to hyjinx on Friday, January 01, 2021 12:15:22

    On Friday, January 1st hyjinx said...
    Just in case you are wondering what the complete picture here is, I'm trying to show how to connect to BBS's using real terminal software such as Telix or Terminate on real hardware. The WiModem232 is as close as you'll get to the real thing, but at rates of 2400bps, I don't think that'll look great on the BBS documentary!

    I don't have an answer to you original question, but there is at least one other hardware alternative that works quite well: Lantronix adapters can be found on eBay. They let you go from serial as a Hayes compatible modem <> network/IP.



    --
    NuSkooler
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  • From Avon@21:1/101 to Al on Saturday, January 02, 2021 09:41:50
    On 01 Jan 2021 at 04:54a, Al pondered and said...

    Wonderfully compact and complex bits of software. Talking about the UART made me think of that for some reason. I had another video fossil that made the colours come alive in my BinkleyTerm, a different thing
    though.. from another time and place..

    Yes UART and Fossil go hand in hand eh? :)

    Using BNU and its supporting documentation may well help perhaps?

    I always loaded x00 in my config.sys so it was always up and running for any software that wanted it, but they were both good workable solutions.

    That's the other one I was trying to recall the name of :) Yes for me it was always BNU. I think I just got used to using it and it worked for what I
    needed to run at the time.

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  • From Avon@21:1/101 to NuSkooler on Saturday, January 02, 2021 09:52:13
    On 01 Jan 2021 at 12:15p, NuSkooler pondered and said...

    I don't have an answer to you original question, but there is at least
    one other hardware alternative that works quite well: Lantronix adapters can be found on eBay. They let you go from serial as a Hayes compatible modem <> network/IP.

    Good thoughts Nu. Hyjinx - there was a NZ based BBSer (David) who used one of these a few years ago. If you want I can seek him out for some help for you too. Not sure if he is very active in BBSing now but was active in the retro computing scene here.

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  • From Al@21:4/106.1 to Avon on Friday, January 01, 2021 19:45:49
    Re: Re: UARTS / Connecting via WiModem232
    By: Avon to Al on Sat Jan 02 2021 09:41 am

    That's the other one I was trying to recall the name of :) Yes for me it was always BNU. I think I just got used to using it and it worked for what I needed to run at the time.

    Going down memory lane as I am here.. I had a look in the zips for these fossils and BNU also has a bnu.sys that could be loaded in config.sys.

    I hope hyjinx doesn't need to go down that path.. but maybe.. :)

    Ttyl :-),
    Al

    ... I'm sure it's all clearly explained in the Zmodem DOC's
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  • From NuSkooler@21:1/121 to Avon on Friday, January 01, 2021 22:16:27

    On Sunday, January 3rd Avon muttered...
    Good thoughts Nu. Hyjinx - there was a NZ based BBSer (David) who used one of these a few years ago.

    If you happen to toy with one of these, I have one as well hooked up to a DOS machine. I'll just have to remember how to configure it hehe.




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  • From tenser@21:1/101 to hyjinx on Sunday, January 03, 2021 05:02:06
    On 01 Jan 2021 at 04:28a, hyjinx pondered and said...

    Hi y'all, Does anyone here have any knowledge of the RS232/UART?

    I've written multiple 16550 drivers.

    Specifically I have a WiModem232 on my PC/XT (which has a 286 chip at 6MHz). I thought that the UART was a 16550A/AF but the more I think of
    it, it's probably an 8250A or maybe a 16450.

    Is that the XT 286? Ordinarily the PC/XT came with an 8088
    at 4.77MHz. The XT 286 was introduced as an offering between
    the PC/XT and PC/AT (which also had an 80286 processor).

    The XT came standard with an 8250 UART, while the AT had a
    16450. Neither will be particularly fast.

    My memory is that getting a 16550 was an after-market upgrade,
    and of course a 16550 by itself wasn't much of an upgrade
    because the FIFO was broken; of course, we've all got 16550A
    and later nowadays....

    As for identifying it programmatically, I don't know whether
    the information required is exposed from whatever DOS APIs
    you might be making use of. Identifying a specific model
    (8250 vs 16450 vs 16550 vs 16550A) is doable by querying
    capabilities specific to each chip model; for example,
    existence of the scratch register says that it's not a stock
    8250. This document has details:
    https://www.sci.muni.cz/docs/pc/serport.txt

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  • From poindexter FORTRAN@21:4/122 to hyjinx on Saturday, January 02, 2021 10:31:00
    hyjinx wrote to All <=-

    Just in case you are wondering what the complete picture here is, I'm trying to show how to connect to BBS's using real terminal software
    such as Telix or Terminate on real hardware. The WiModem232 is as close
    as you'll get to the real thing, but at rates of 2400bps, I don't think that'll look great on the BBS documentary!

    With some of the DOSBOX builds, you can emulate a serial port by passing through to a TCP port. Set comm1 to port 23, and it responds to basic hayes commands and supports different baud rates on the applications. That might work in a pinch.

    Serial transfers have been a problem, but it works well for interacting with the BBS.


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  • From NuSkooler@21:1/121 to poindexter FORTRAN on Saturday, January 02, 2021 15:24:14

    On Saturday, January 2nd poindexter FORTRAN said...
    With some of the DOSBOX builds, you can emulate a serial port by passing through to a TCP port.

    FWIW if you're talking emulation you can do this with DOSEMU and QEMU amongst others as well:

    - stdio <> COMx
    - socket <> COMx





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  • From hyjinx@21:1/158 to Al on Thursday, January 07, 2021 06:34:26
    Thanks for all your help thus far!

    I barely remember FOSSIL Drivers. Can't really remember what they were for, but I know I had to use one on my 16550AF based serial controller on my 486. Just in case you can't remember what a UART is, it's just the chip on the actual serial controller. UART stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter. I can't remember why exactly I needed the fossil driver, I just remember I had to load it to use Remote Access BBS software!

    I note that the Wi-Modem 232 has DTS/CTS disabled by default. Do you think this is right?

    Cheers again!
    hyjinx

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  • From Al@21:4/106.1 to hyjinx on Wednesday, January 06, 2021 23:26:21
    Re: Re: UARTS / Connecting via WiModem232
    By: hyjinx to Al on Thu Jan 07 2021 06:34 am

    I barely remember FOSSIL Drivers. Can't really remember what they were for, but I know I had to use one on my 16550AF based serial controller on my 486. Just in case you can't remember what a UART is, it's just the chip on the actual serial controller. UART stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter. I can't remember why exactly I needed the fossil driver, I just remember I had to load it to use Remote Access BBS software!

    Yep, that was my RA BBS that I had online years ago that needed the fossil. Most doors needed it too but a few didn't, they accessed the modem directly.

    I never knew what a UART was besides the fact my modem had one but I could never figure out which one I had.

    I note that the Wi-Modem 232 has DTS/CTS disabled by default. Do you think this is right?

    I'm not sure, although there are some hardware folks about who could likely answer if they knew what you were trying to do.

    Ttyl :-),
    Al

    ... Oh, I almost forgot . . . It's absolutley VITAL to insta
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  • From tenser@21:1/101 to hyjinx on Friday, January 08, 2021 17:39:37
    I barely remember FOSSIL Drivers. Can't really remember what they were for, but

    I know I had to use one on my 16550AF based serial controller on my 486. Just in case you can't remember what a UART is, it's just the chip on
    the actual serial controller. UART stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter.

    I can't remember why exactly I needed the fossil driver, I just remember
    I had to load it to use Remote Access BBS software!

    FOSSIL drivers provided a device-independent API mechanism for
    interfacing with the UART. They were like a primitive kind
    of device-driver; if you, as an application author programmed
    to the FOSSIL interface, then your software would run on any
    computer where the FOSSIL driver was loaded. The driver would
    take care of the nitty-gritty details of interfacing with the
    actual hardware. So in theory, the same program would talk
    to serial ports using the 8520, 16450, 16550, 16550A, but
    potentially could also work with the Motorola 68681 or Zilog
    Z8531 (provided the system had a FOSSIL driver written for
    one of those installed) without changes or special software.

    FOSSIL originally stood for Fido Opus SEAdog Standard Interface
    Layer, which was used by three different BBS packages that were
    ported to different computers that weren't all IBM PCs (e.g.,
    the DEC Rainbow, Tandy 2000, whatever). Tom Jennings wrote
    some history here: http://www.bbsdocumentary.com/library/PROGRAMS/NETWORK/FOSSIL/

    This became a FidoNet standard (FSC-0015) available here: http://ftsc.org/docs/fsc-0015.001

    So a lot of BBS software and doors and such things used the
    interface, which became widely implemented.

    I note that the Wi-Modem 232 has DTS/CTS disabled by default. Do you
    think this is right?

    According to the 16550A datasheet, it follows whatever the
    16450 did on reset (e.g., powerup) for setting the modem
    control register (which controls whether modem controls like
    hardware flow control are used), and according to the 16450
    datasheet, the MCR (RTS) is set to zero on reset, as is the
    MSR (CTS).

    So if the Wi-Modem 232 is trying to faithfully emulate one
    of those devices then yes, that is correct.

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  • From hyjinx@21:1/158 to tenser on Friday, January 08, 2021 09:56:43
    I've written multiple 16550 drivers.

    Very impressive!

    Specifically I have a WiModem232 on my PC/XT (which has a 286 chip at 6MHz). I thought that the UART was a 16550A/AF but the more I think o it, it's probably an 8250A or maybe a 16450.

    Is that the XT 286? Ordinarily the PC/XT came with an 8088
    at 4.77MHz. The XT 286 was introduced as an offering between
    the PC/XT and PC/AT (which also had an 80286 processor).
    I used to have an XT/286 (5162) back in the UK but alas, I couldn't bring it with me to NZ so I sold it. Biggest mistake of my life! That machine is a unicorn and I'd love to have it again!

    My machine is a standard 5160 IBM XT. It has a daughter card made by Orchid (I think). It has an 80286 at 6-ish MHz, so the box performs similarly to a first-release 5170/AT, apart from the bus being 8-bit.

    The XT came standard with an 8250 UART, while the AT had a
    16450.
    Neither will be particularly fast.
    The Async card that came with my XT was replaced long ago. Unfortunately the current multi I/O card is only a 16450, so I'll go dig up a modern 16550AF and see if that wins any wars.

    If it doesn't I'll resurrect this thread and see what other good ideas you all have!

    Cheers,
    hyjinx // alsgeeklab.com

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  • From Vk3jed@21:1/109 to hyjinx on Friday, January 08, 2021 21:01:00
    On 01-07-21 06:34, hyjinx wrote to Al <=-

    Thanks for all your help thus far!

    I barely remember FOSSIL Drivers. Can't really remember what they were for, but I know I had to use one on my 16550AF based serial controller
    on my 486. Just in case you can't remember what a UART is, it's just
    the chip on the actual serial controller. UART stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter. I can't remember why exactly I
    needed the fossil driver, I just remember I had to load it to use
    Remote Access BBS software!

    The FOSSIL provided a common set of function calls for BBS software to use. In the 80s, there were a number of "PC like" systems that could run DOS, but had some hardware differences. The FOSSIL was an abstraction of serial hardware, so that BBS software could be run on just about anything that ran DOS. PCs with different serial hardware just needed a different FOSSIL, and the BBS software would work. I personally never encountered hardware that required a different FOSSIL, but the FOSSIL interface was also a convenient hook for things like virtual serial ports, because you wouldn't need to emulate the hardware, just provide the FOSSIL function calls for the BBS to use.

    I note that the Wi-Modem 232 has DTS/CTS disabled by default. Do you
    think this is right?

    Do you mean RTS/CTS? I normally made sure that was enabled, so hardware handshaking could be used to control the flow of data.


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  • From Avon@21:1/101 to hyjinx on Saturday, January 09, 2021 10:15:00
    On 08 Jan 2021 at 09:56a, hyjinx pondered and said...

    I've written multiple 16550 drivers.

    Very impressive!

    Tenser knows his stuff :)

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  • From poindexter FORTRAN@21:4/122 to hyjinx on Saturday, January 09, 2021 07:04:00
    hyjinx wrote to tenser <=-

    I used to have an XT/286 (5162) back in the UK but alas, I couldn't
    bring it with me to NZ so I sold it. Biggest mistake of my life! That machine is a unicorn and I'd love to have it again!

    My machine is a standard 5160 IBM XT. It has a daughter card made by Orchid (I think). It has an 80286 at 6-ish MHz, so the box performs similarly to a first-release 5170/AT, apart from the bus being 8-bit.

    Jealous. I started with an XT clone, but always loved the IBM AT case - for me, that was peak desktop design.



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  • From Vk3jed@21:1/109 to poindexter FORTRAN on Sunday, January 10, 2021 19:29:00
    On 01-09-21 07:04, poindexter FORTRAN wrote to hyjinx <=-

    Jealous. I started with an XT clone, but always loved the IBM AT case - for me, that was peak desktop design.

    I started with a home built XT clone myself. :)


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  • From poindexter FORTRAN@21:4/122 to Vk3jed on Sunday, January 10, 2021 09:13:00
    Vk3jed wrote to poindexter FORTRAN <=-

    I started with a home built XT clone myself. :)

    With a 10 meg hard drive. Hard to fathom. I remember backing it up to 360k floppies.


    ... I hear he can kill people with an init string.
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  • From tenser@21:1/101 to Avon on Monday, January 11, 2021 13:51:33
    On 09 Jan 2021 at 10:15a, Avon pondered and said...

    Tenser knows his stuff :)

    Heh, rather I'm just forced to understand some of
    the details cause of my job. :-)

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  • From Avon@21:1/101 to tenser on Monday, January 11, 2021 14:01:53
    On 11 Jan 2021 at 01:51p, tenser pondered and said...

    Tenser knows his stuff :)

    Heh, rather I'm just forced to understand some of
    the details cause of my job. :-)

    :) I know that feeling too... heh

    --- Mystic BBS v1.12 A46 2020/08/26 (Windows/32)
    * Origin: Agency BBS | Dunedin, New Zealand | agency.bbs.nz (21:1/101)
  • From hyjinx@21:1/158 to poindexter FORTRAN on Wednesday, January 13, 2021 02:39:31
    I used to have an XT/286 (5162) back in the UK but alas, I couldn't bring it with me to NZ so I sold it. Biggest mistake of my life! That machine is a unicorn and I'd love to have it again!

    My machine is a standard 5160 IBM XT. It has a daughter card made by Orchid (I think). It has an 80286 at 6-ish MHz, so the box performs similarly to a first-release 5170/AT, apart from the bus being 8-bit.

    Jealous. I started with an XT clone, but always loved the IBM AT case - for me, that was peak desktop design.

    I'm going to make you more jealous now - I just got a 5170 AT! Haven't had any time to play with it, but I ALSO just got the unicorn monitor at the same time! The 5154 EGA!

    Sorry!

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  • From Vk3jed@21:1/109 to poindexter FORTRAN on Wednesday, January 13, 2021 19:53:00
    On 01-10-21 09:13, poindexter FORTRAN wrote to Vk3jed <=-

    Vk3jed wrote to poindexter FORTRAN <=-

    I started with a home built XT clone myself. :)

    With a 10 meg hard drive. Hard to fathom. I remember backing it up to
    360k floppies.

    Yeah I had the 10 meg drive too. :)


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  • From poindexter FORTRAN@21:4/122 to hyjinx on Wednesday, January 13, 2021 07:37:00
    hyjinx wrote to poindexter FORTRAN <=-

    I'm going to make you more jealous now - I just got a 5170 AT! Haven't
    had any time to play with it, but I ALSO just got the unicorn monitor
    at the same time! The 5154 EGA!

    Amazing. How does the monitor look after all of these years?


    ... Emphasize the flaws
    --- MultiMail/DOS v0.52
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  • From poindexter FORTRAN@21:4/122 to Vk3jed on Wednesday, January 13, 2021 07:37:00
    Vk3jed wrote to poindexter FORTRAN <=-

    With a 10 meg hard drive. Hard to fathom. I remember backing it up to
    360k floppies.

    Yeah I had the 10 meg drive too. :)

    Not too much later I upgraded to a 30 meg RLL drive, boy was that spacious!


    ... Emphasize the flaws
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  • From hyjinx@21:1/158 to poindexter FORTRAN on Friday, January 15, 2021 21:01:24
    had any time to play with it, but I ALSO just got the unicorn monitor at the same time! The 5154 EGA!

    Amazing. How does the monitor look after all of these years?

    Looks great. My mate Jacob has helped fix it up, it was DOA. He's putting the finishing touches to it this week coming, with some new caps that he ordered.

    Peace!

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  • From Vk3jed@21:1/109 to poindexter FORTRAN on Saturday, January 16, 2021 14:17:00
    On 01-13-21 07:37, poindexter FORTRAN wrote to Vk3jed <=-

    Vk3jed wrote to poindexter FORTRAN <=-

    With a 10 meg hard drive. Hard to fathom. I remember backing it up to
    360k floppies.

    Yeah I had the 10 meg drive too. :)

    Not too much later I upgraded to a 30 meg RLL drive, boy was that spacious!

    I went from 10MB to 20MB MFM, 30MB RLL, then 70MB MFM, and after that, IDE of increasing sizes. :)


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  • From Bob Roberts@21:2/118 to Vk3jed on Saturday, January 16, 2021 13:09:36
    Not too much later I upgraded to a 30 meg RLL drive, boy was that
    spacious!

    I went from 10MB to 20MB MFM, 30MB RLL, then 70MB MFM, and after that, IDE of increasing sizes. :)

    RLL was the shit. My first HD was a 65 meg RLL, which I think was a 40 meg before compression (or whatever). I remember that RLL controller board was a full length beast. Everyone told me RLL sucked and that my data would get destroyed, but I never had any issue with it.

    Bob Roberts
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  • From Vk3jed@21:1/109 to Bob Roberts on Sunday, January 17, 2021 18:04:00
    On 01-16-21 13:09, Bob Roberts wrote to Vk3jed <=-

    RLL was the shit. My first HD was a 65 meg RLL, which I think was a 40 meg before compression (or whatever). I remember that RLL controller board was a full length beast. Everyone told me RLL sucked and that my data would get destroyed, but I never had any issue with it.

    A lot of people got burnt trying to use an MFM drive with RLL. While it _could_ work (and did for many), there was a risk of losing data, because some MFM drives couldn't reliably handle the higher density of RLL. From memory, the drive technology was basically the same, it was a matter of the exact specs of the drive. Using a certified RLL drive meant no hassles.


    ... The truth will set you free. But first it'll piss you off.
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  • From poindexter FORTRAN@21:4/122 to Vk3jed on Sunday, January 17, 2021 07:01:00
    Vk3jed wrote to Bob Roberts <=-

    A lot of people got burnt trying to use an MFM drive with RLL. While
    it _could_ work (and did for many), there was a risk of losing data, because some MFM drives couldn't reliably handle the higher density of RLL. From memory, the drive technology was basically the same, it was
    a matter of the exact specs of the drive. Using a certified RLL drive meant no hassles.

    The same technology, but more sectors per track.




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  • From Vk3jed@21:1/109 to poindexter FORTRAN on Wednesday, January 20, 2021 11:10:00
    On 01-17-21 07:01, poindexter FORTRAN wrote to Vk3jed <=-

    Vk3jed wrote to Bob Roberts <=-

    A lot of people got burnt trying to use an MFM drive with RLL. While
    it _could_ work (and did for many), there was a risk of losing data, because some MFM drives couldn't reliably handle the higher density of RLL. From memory, the drive technology was basically the same, it was
    a matter of the exact specs of the drive. Using a certified RLL drive meant no hassles.

    The same technology, but more sectors per track.

    Yes, and higher data density, which means tighter specs for RLL drives.


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